A land mortgage must be executed in writing and registered with a relevant office of the Land Department. However, a land mortgage does not cover the rights over buildings built on the land after the mortgage date, unless it has been explicitly stated in the mortgage agreement. Buildings and other immovable property may be mortgaged separately from the land.

Registrations of mortgages of buildings and other immovable property can be performed at a local District (amphur) Office if the property is located outside Bangkok. If there is a Land Department office in the province where the land is located, however, this office will undertake the duty of registration.

The documents required at the Land Department vary based on whether the lender is a foreigner, a Thai national or company, or other juristic entity. There are several government forms which must be completed in addition to the private mortgage agreement.

A mortgage allows the lender to foreclose on land if a debt on the land is unpaid. The land will typically be sold by public auction. If the funds realized from a sale are not sufficient to pay the underlying loan, a deficiency judgment for the unpaid amount may be obtained.